Oracle Database / SQL & PL/SQL Errors
ORA-01861: match date literals to their format model
An explicit date conversion can still fail when the supplied string differs from its format model. Reproduce with a harmless typed example.
Environment and inputs: Oracle Database 19c baseline · SQL*Plus-compatible SQL unless RMAN, DGMGRL, ADRCI or a host shell is specified. Check release, patch level, edition and container first.
Start with this diagnostic
Use the stated SQL, RMAN, DGMGRL or host shell and replace sample names with approved targets. DBA and V$ views need authorized catalog access in the correct container. Do not grant broad privileges for an example.
SELECT TO_DATE('2026-11-01', 'YYYY-MM-DD') AS sample_date FROM dual;Read the result
The example demonstrates a matching input and mask. It does not establish the format of the actual application value or account for hidden whitespace.
Resolve and verify
Compare the sanitized failing input with the exact mask and prefer date or timestamp bind types. Validate timezone and fractional-second expectations separately.
Operational precautions
Do not wrap already-typed DATE columns in unnecessary text conversions; they can introduce session-dependent behavior.